Acid-base neutralization o ka acetic acid i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka nānā ʻana i kāna hoʻohana
hoʻolauna
ʻO ka inoa kemika o ka ʻakika acetic he acetic acid, chemical formula CH3COOH, a ʻo ka ʻike o 99% acetic acid i crystallized i loko o ke ʻano hau ma lalo o 16 ° C, i ʻike ʻia ʻo glacial acetic acid.Acetic acidʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, volatile, he waika organik nāwaliwali.
Ma ke ʻano he waikawa organik, ʻaʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia ka acetic acid i ka synthesis organik, ʻoihana kemika organik, meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, akā hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ke kala.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻakika acetic i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu
01 Hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻakika o ka ʻakika acetic i ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻili
Acetic acidma ke ʻano he wīneka organik, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka waikawa tannic, ka waikawa huaʻai a me nā ʻano meaʻawaʻawa ʻē aʻe, nā ʻōpala mauʻu, nā wai wai (e like me ka hou hua, wai melon, wai tōmato, wai inu ʻoluʻolu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), nā ʻili lāʻau, ʻaila chili a 'ē aʻe stains, i loko o kēia mau stains mea organic vinegar mea, acetic acid e like me ka stain remover, hiki ke wehe i ka organic acid mea i loko o ka stains, e like me ka pigment mea i loko o ka stains, A laila me ka oxidative bleaching lapaʻau, a pau hiki ke wehe.
02
Acid-base neutralization o ka ʻakika acetic i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu
Acetic acidʻAkaʻakika nāwaliwali a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā kumu.
(1) Ma ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻili kemika, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia waiwai ke wehe i nā ʻeleʻele alkaline, e like me nā kofe kofe, nā kī kī, a me kekahi mau ʻili lāʻau.
(2) Hiki i ka neutralization o ka acetic acid a me ka alkali ke hoʻihoʻi i ka discoloration o nā lole ma muli o ka mana o ka alkali.
(3) ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acidity nāwaliwali o ka acetic acid hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka bleaching reaction o kekahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa bleach i ke kaʻina bleaching, no ka mea, hiki i kekahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa bleach ke hoʻolalelale i ka decomposition ma lalo o nā kūlana vīneka a hoʻokuʻu i ka mea bleaching, no laila, hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai PH. ʻO ka hoʻonā bleaching me ka acetic acid hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ke kaʻina hana bleaching.
(4) Hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa acetic acid e hoʻoponopono i ka waikawa a me ka alkali o ka lole lole, a mālama ʻia ka mea lole me ka waikawa, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ke kūlana palupalu o nā mea lole.
(5) Wool fiber fabric, i ke kaʻina hana hao, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela o ka hao, ka hopena i ka pōʻino i ka pulupulu huluhulu, aurora phenomena, me ka dilute acetic acid hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka hulu hipa, no laila, hiki i ka acetic acid ke hana pū me nā lole. ma muli o ka hao ʻana i ke ʻano aurora.
03
No nā wai hoʻoheheʻe wai i loaʻa nā pūʻulu hydroxyl a me ka sulfonic acid, nā lole fiber me ke kūpaʻa alkali maikaʻi ʻole (e like me ke siliki, rayon, hulu hipa), ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka vīneka, kūpono ia i ke kala a me ka hoʻopaʻa kala ʻana o nā fiber.
No laila, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau lole me ke kūpaʻa alkaline maikaʻi ʻole a me ka maʻalahi maʻemaʻe i ka holoi ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka acetic acid i loko o ka mea holoi lole e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kala o nā lole.
Mai keia manao,ʻakika aceticua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka wai, akā i ke kaʻina noi e hoʻolohe pū i nā mea aʻe.
No nā lole i loaʻa i ka acetic acid fibers, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻakika acetic e wehe i nā stains, pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o ka nui o ka acetic acid. ʻO kēia no ka mea i hana ʻia ka fiber acetate i ka lāʻau, ka pulupulu a me nā mea cellulosic ʻē aʻe a me ka acetic acid a me ka acetate, ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka pale ʻana i ka vīneka, hiki i ka waikawa ikaika ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka fiber acetate. Ke kau ʻia nā stains ma luna o nā acetate fibers a me nā lole i loaʻa nā acetate fibers, ʻelua mau helu e hoʻomaopopo ʻia:
(1) ʻO ka hoʻohana palekana ʻana o ka ʻakika acetic he 28%.
(2) Pono e hana ʻia nā hāʻule hoʻāʻo ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, mai wela ke hoʻohana ʻia, holoi koke ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale me ka alkali nāwaliwali.
ʻO nā mea e mālama ai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acetic acid penei:
(1) Hōʻalo i ka pili ʻana me nā maka, inā pili me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waika fermented, holoi koke me ka wai.
(2) Pono e pale ʻia ka pili ʻana me nā mea metala no ka hana ʻino ʻana.
(3) Hiki i ka pilina o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka lāʻau alkaline ke kū i ka hopena neutralization a me ka hiki ʻole.
(4) He mea hoʻonāukiuki ka hopena ʻino acetic acid, a he mea ʻino ia i ka ʻili a me ka mucosa ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-11-2024