Ka inoa kemika oʻakika aceticʻo ia ka ʻakika acetic, ʻano kemika CH3COOH, a ua crystallized ka ʻike o 99% acetic acid i ke ʻano hau ma lalo o 16 ° C, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo glacial acetic acid. Aceticʻakika mea colorless, wai-soluble, hiki ke micible me ka wai i loko o ka like like, volatile, he nawaliwali organic waika.
Ma ke ʻano he waikawa organik, ʻaʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia ka acetic acid i ka synthesis organik, ʻoihana kemika organik, meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, akā hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ke kala.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻakika acetic i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu
01
ʻO ka hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻakika acetic acid i ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻili
Acetic acid e like me ka wīnega organik, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka waikawa tannic, ka waikawa hua a me nā ʻano waikona ʻē aʻe, nā ʻōpala mauʻu, nā wai wai (e like me ka hou hua, ka wai melon, ka wai tōmato, ka wai inu ʻoluʻolu, etc.), nā lāʻau lapaʻau, chili ka aila a me nā stains ʻē aʻe, i loko o kēia mau stains nā mea hoʻohui o ka vīnega, acetic acid ma ke ʻano he mea wehe, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i nā mea ʻakika organik i loko o nā kiko, e like me nā mea puaʻa i loko o nā kiko, A laila me ka oxidative bleaching treatment, hiki ke wehe ʻia nā mea āpau.
02
Acid-base neutralization o ka ʻakika acetic i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu
ʻO ka ʻakika acetic ponoʻī he ʻakika nāwaliwali a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā kumu.
(1) Ma ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻili kemika, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia waiwai ke wehe i nā ʻeleʻele alkaline, e like me nā kofe kofe, nā kī kī, a me kekahi mau ʻili lāʻau.
(2) Hiki i ka neutralization o ka acetic acid a me ka alkali ke hoʻihoʻi i ka discoloration o nā lole ma muli o ka mana o ka alkali.
(3) ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acidity nāwaliwali o ka acetic acid hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka bleaching reaction o kekahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa bleach i ke kaʻina bleaching, no ka mea, hiki i kekahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa bleach ke hoʻolalelale i ka decomposition ma lalo o nā kūlana vīneka a hoʻokuʻu i ka mea bleaching, no laila, hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai PH. ʻO ka hoʻonā bleaching me ka acetic acid hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ke kaʻina hana bleaching.
(4) Hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa acetic acid e hoʻoponopono i ka waikawa a me ka alkali o ka lole lole, a mālama ʻia ka mea lole me ka waikawa, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ke kūlana palupalu o nā mea lole.
(5) Wool fiber fabric, i ke kaʻina hana hao, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela o ka hao, ka hopena i ka pōʻino i ka pulupulu huluhulu, aurora phenomena, me ka dilute acetic acid hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka hulu hipa, no laila, hiki i ka acetic acid ke hana pū me nā lole. ma muli o ka hao ʻana i ke ʻano aurora.
03
No nā wai hoʻoheheʻe wai i loaʻa nā pūʻulu hydroxyl a me ka sulfonic acid, nā lole fiber me ke kūpaʻa alkali maikaʻi ʻole (e like me ke siliki, rayon, hulu hipa), ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka vīneka, kūpono ia i ke kala a me ka hoʻopaʻa kala ʻana o nā fiber.
No laila, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau lole me ke kūpaʻa alkaline maikaʻi ʻole a me ka maʻalahi maʻemaʻe i ka holoi ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka acetic acid i loko o ka mea holoi lole e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kala o nā lole.
Mai kēia manaʻo, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka acetic acid i ka ʻoihana holoi a me ka wai, akā i ke kaʻina noi e pono e hoʻolohe i nā mea aʻe.
No nā lole i loaʻa i ka acetic acid fibers, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻakika acetic e wehe i nā stains, pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o ka nui o ka acetic acid. ʻO kēia no ka mea i hana ʻia ka fiber acetate i ka lāʻau, ka pulupulu a me nā mea cellulosic ʻē aʻe a me ka acetic acid a me ka acetate, ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka pale ʻana i ka vīneka, hiki i ka waikawa ikaika ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka fiber acetate. Ke kau ʻia nā stains ma luna o nā acetate fibers a me nā lole i loaʻa nā acetate fibers, ʻelua mau helu e hoʻomaopopo ʻia:
(1) ʻO ka hoʻohana palekana ʻana o ka ʻakika acetic he 28%.
(2) Pono e hana ʻia nā hāʻule hoʻāʻo ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, mai wela ke hoʻohana ʻia, holoi koke ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale me ka alkali nāwaliwali.
ʻO nā mea e mālama ai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acetic acid penei:
(1) Hōʻalo i ka pili ʻana me nā maka, inā pili me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waika fermented, holoi koke me ka wai.
(2) Pono e pale ʻia ka pili ʻana me nā mea metala no ka hana ʻino ʻana.
(3) Hiki i ka pilina o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka lāʻau alkaline ke kū i ka hopena neutralization a me ka hiki ʻole.
(4) He mea hoʻonāukiuki ka hopena ʻino acetic acid, a he mea ʻino ia i ka ʻili a me ka mucosa ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-21-2024